The numbers* behind 2021’s most productive overseas source market for inbound tourism.
Why Colombia? We asked that question in the last issue of INBOUND as the arrivals data from the U.S. National Travel and Tourism Office (NTTO) showed that the country produced more overseas visitors to the USA than any other overseas source market. And in doing so, Colombia set a record in the category, generating more than one million visitors to the United States for the first time.
Do the data that NTTO turns out in abundance have an answer to the question? Rather than speculate that much about what could have or might have explained Colombia’s unusual success in increasing its volume of visitors to the USA, we asked a leading expert in the matter, Ron Erdmann, senior research associate at CIC Research, Inc. and a long-time analyst of, and expert on, international tourism to the United States what the data told him. Along with some help of the U.S. Commercial Service in Colombia, he responded. Part of what he told us follows:
Again—Why Colombia?
—Part of the answer has to do with the air lift capacity from the country. We know that, with the increased lift, there are far more non-U.S. travelers on the flights between the U.S. and Colombia (64 percent non-residential vs. 36 percent U.S.), so the increased air capacity helps inbound traffic.
—Also, there were less restrictions on travel, plus many Colombians came to the USA to get the COVID shot, as there were fare easier to get here (in the U.S.) than in Colombia.
—A trend already? (Not right away.) From 2015-2017, Colombian arrivals to the U.S. declined between 1-3 percent each year.
—In 2018, Colombian arrivals increased by 12 percent over the previous year to 942,617 visitors.
—In 2019, Colombia set a record for arrivals, with 944,013 visitors—up only 0.1 percent over the previous year, but enough to set the record.
—In 2020, arrivals dropped by 71 percent to 270,110. This was the lowest arrival total from the country since 1996, when 249,851 Colombians visited the United States.
—In 2021, Colombia posted a 294 percent increase over the 2020 arrivals mark to set a new arrivals for visitation to the USA at 1,063,659.
—Colombia became the top overseas market for the USA in 2021. The year before, 2020, it ranked 11th in arrivals to the United States.
Then, there is the matter of miles (or kilometers, if you will) begging the question: Is Colombia really a long-haul source market? Flights from Medellin to Miami (1,382 miles away) or Cartagena to Miami (1,104 miles) aren’t much different than the distance from Miami to New York City (1,104 miles).
Another factor: Were Colombians burst out to familiar places (and, possibly, familiar prices) in their zeal to “get out” and travel following the harshness of the global pandemic in 2020? (More than seven out of 10 Colombians traveling to the United States visited Florida last year.)
Take a look at some of the tables that follow. All are about Colombia. They probably raise more questions than they ask. We’ll have a better idea for comparisons (2201 vs. 2019, for instance) once final datal for last year are available. A* Almost all of this article relied on research and publications put out by the U.S. National Travel and Tourism Office. For more information, contact David Huether,
deputy director for research. David.Huether@trade.gov.
Arrivals from Columbia to the United States
2000-2021
Year | Number of Colombian Arrivals (000s) | Percentage (%) change from previous year |
2000 | 417 | 0% |
2005 | 325 | +10% |
2010 | 495 | +17% |
2015 | 862 | -3% |
2016 | 853 | -1% |
2017 | 842 | -1% |
2018 | 943 | +12% |
2019 | 944 | 0 |
2020 | 270 | -71% |
2021 | 1,064 | +294% |
Destinations Visited in 2019
Percentage (%) Visiting the Destination
95% Confidence Interval (CI)
Regions in Boldface
Destination | % Visiting |
EAST NORTH CENTRAL | 3.73% |
Illinois | 2.82% |
Chicago | 2.72% |
MIDDLE ATLANTIC | 17.85% |
New Jersey | 3.67% |
New York (state) | 15.19% |
New York City | 15.20% |
MOUNTAIN | 5.97% |
Nevada | 3.28% |
Las Vegas | 3.24% |
PACIFIC | 10.09% |
California | 9.59% |
Los Angeles | 6.38% |
San Francisco | 3.44% |
SOUTH ATLANTIC | 69.46% |
Florida | 64.55% (72.95% in 2021) |
Fort Lauderdale | 8.64% |
Miami | 43.75% (54.65% in 2021) |
Orlando | 29.18% |
Tampa-St. Petersburg | 2.64% |
West Palm Beach | 4.15% |
Georgia | 2.22% |
Atlanta | 1.98% |
Washington, D.C. (metro area) | 3.97% |
WEST SOUTH CENTRAL | 6.21% |
Texas | 5.46% |
Houston | 3.45% |
Port of Entry Used to Clear U.S. Customers—2019
Location | Percentage (%) of Respondents |
Miami | 37.6% |
Fort Lauderdale | 14.4% |
Orlando | 12.4% |
New York/New Jersey | 11.9% |
Los Angeles | 5.9% |
Houston | 4.7% |
Atlanta | 2.7% |
Spending Trends (Exports)
In Millions of U.S. Dollars
Year | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 1015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Total Travel & Tourism Exports | $2,036 | $2,436 | $3,043 | $3,466 | $3,357 | $3,196 | $3,155 | $3,412 | $3,337 | $1,152 |
Air transit cost | $494 | $600 | $664 | $792 | $734 | $635 | $670 | $706 | $682 | $213 |
% YoY Change | +4% | +20% | 25% | 14% | -3% | -5% | -1% | +8% | -2% | -65% |
Trip Purpose
One purpose, % of Respondents
Main Purpose | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Vacation / Holiday | 46.0% | 53.0% | 54.0% | 64.4% | 60.5% | 58.5% | 57.9% | 63.6% | 58.7 | 56.2% |
Visit Friends, Relatives | 28.0% | 23.5% | 19.6% | 18.5% | 19.0% | 20.9% | 22.4% | 21.7% | 21.2 | 30.0% |
Business | 14.1% | 8.6% | 13.6% | 7.4% | 9.1% | 8.3% | 7.6% | 7.2% | 9.6 | 8.1% |
Conv, Conf, Trade Show | 4.7% | 10.4% | 4.7% | 5.2% | 5.8% | 6.2% | 8.8% | 4.5% | 5.6 | 2.7% |
Education | 6.4% | 3.5% | 7.0% | 3.7% | 4.5% | 4.7% | 2.8% | 1.8% | 3.8 | 2.7% |
Health Treatment | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.0% | 0.1% | 0.6% | 1.0% | 0.3% | 0.6% | 0.3 | 0.0% |
Religion / Pilgrimages | 0.1% | 0.0% | 0.4% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.2% | 0.1% | 0.5 | 0.0% |
Other | 0.5% | 0.8% | 0.8% | 0.5% | 0.3% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 0.5% | 0.3 | 0.3% |
Information Sources Used for Trip Planning
(Percent of Respondents)
Source | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Airlines | 44.1% | 51.1% | 49.3% | 53.7% | 50.4% | 49.5% | 53.7% | 48.8% | 57.3% |
Personal Recommend | 27.1% | 22.8% | 32.2% | 34.3% | 33.8% | 35.7% | 36.7% | 34.6% | 40.4% |
Travel Agency (Online) | 33.2% | 42.7% | 33.0 % | 35.3% | 32.1% | 35.4% | 32.3% | 32.7% | 30.7% |
Travel Office Nat’l, State City | 27.9% | 16.5% | 18.1% | 14.2% | 11.5% | 15.9% | 12.9% | 14.1% | 10.7% |
Corp. Travel Department | 9.0% | 7.4% | 6.9% | 9.0% | 7.1% | 9.0% | 6.8% | 8.6% | 7.8% |
Travel Agency (Office) | 12.6% | 10.0% | 12.4% | 10.0% | 8.6% | 9.3% | 11.6% | 9.7% | 7.3% |
Travel Guides | 7.0% | 9.0% | 7.0% | 7.0% | 8.4% | 7.1% | 8.9% | 7.0% | 6.5% |
Tour Operator -Travel Club | 8.9% | 3.5% | 5.0% | 5.0% | 4.9% | 6.8% | 6.5% | 6.1% | 5.0% |
Activity Participation
(Percent of Respondents)
Activity – Participation | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 |
Shopping | 92.9% | 93.1% | 92.7% | 92.7% | 89.5% | 88.9% | 86.4% | 87.0 % | 89.7% |
Sightseeing | 71.6% | 67.5% | 70.4% | 67.9% | 69.5% | 70.8% | 74.7% | 70.4% | 69.2% |
Amusement – Theme Parks | 31.1% | 39.0% | 50.9% | 49.4% | 44.5% | 47.2% | 43.0% | 43.5% | 36.0% |
Dining (experi – ence) Fine | 37.2% | 52.0% | 44.7% | 51.2% | 31.7% | 27.3% | 26.2% | 25.5% | 29.5% |
Small Towns | 16.3% | 29.9% | 26.1% | 24.5% | 27.0% | 28.6% | 26.7% | 28.9% | 27.9% |
National Parks, Monuments | 19.1% | 24.7% | 25.6% | 26.2% | 26.4% | 27.4% | 26.9% | 28.5% | 26.2% |
Historical Locations | 14.2% | 22.7% | 16.5% | 17.8% | 21.1% | 25.8% | 19.5% | 21.1% | 17.0% |
Art Gallery – Museum | 17.6% | 21.0% | 18.8% | 19.2% | 20.5% | 21.6% | 23.5% | 23.9% | 16.9% |
Nightclubbing – Dancing | 14.8% | 15.8% | 18.2% | 18.6% | 18.5% | 19.2% | 16.1% | 16.0% | 16.5% |
Cultural/Ethic Heritage Sites | 7.7% | 14.7% | 12.2% | 13.7% | 13.8% | 13.5% | 15.4% | 15.5% | 14.3% |
Sporting Event | 7.2% | 11.9% | 6.3% | 9.3% | 9.6% | 10.0% | 9.4% | 8.6% | 8.7% |
Guided Tours | 14.4% | 19.0% | 16.1% | 12.9% | 16.0% | 13.9% | 15.5% | 15.1% | 8.6% |
Casinos – Gambling | 5.1% | 8.2% | 3.7% | 6.3% | 4.3% | 2.7% | 3.3% | 3.9% | 5.9% |
Concert, Play, Musical | 14.3% | 17.4% | 12.2% | 11.9% | 13.2% | 9.7% | 11.2% | 8.9% | 5.7% |
Am. Indian Communities | 1.9% | 5.7% | 4.0% | 2.5% | 4.7% | 3.6% | 4.1% | 3.2% | 4.1% |
Camping – Hiking | 1.1% | 2.0% | 0.9% | 1.3% | 1.8% | 1.1% | 1.3% | 1.2% | 3.8% |
Snow Sports | 1.7% | 4.8% | 1.8% | 0.9% | 1.6% | 1.0% | 1.1% | 2.0% | 3.7% |
Water Sports | 6.1% | 3.8% | 4.6% | 4.3% | 3.7% | 4.4% | 3.4% | 2.6% | 3.3% |
Golfing, Tennis | 4.4% | 1.7% | 2.8% | 2.8% | 2.3% | 1.9% | 1.8% | 1.8% | 3.2% |
Environmental- Eco Excursions | 1.1% | 3.3% | 4.2% | 2.1% | 2.2% | 2.8% | 4.4% | 2.9% | 2.9% |
Hunting, Fishing | 2.3% | 2.1% | 1.2% | 2.1% | 1.4% | 1.7% | 1.1% | 1.0% | 2.4% |
* INBOUND relied on NTTO and its products for the data that appear in the above article